• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a sensor device and a centrifugal separator (1). The centrifugal separator comprises a stationary housing (2) and a centrifugal rotor (3), which is arranged in the stationary housing and comprises nozzles (7) for discharging a product. The sensor device comprises a transfer element (21), which has the first part (21 ') and a second part (21 "). The first part (21') is located inside the housing and outside the centrifuge rotor and the second part (21") is located A receiving head (23) is included in the first part of the transmission element, a sensor element (25) is mounted on the second part of the transmission element. An evaluation unit (26) is connected to the sensor element by a line (27) for transmitting signals from the transmission element. the sensor element to the evaluation unit.The sensor element senses vibrations propagated from the receiving head to the sensor element.The transfer element is movable relative to the centrifuge rotor and the stationary housing so that the position of the receiving head is adjustable_ (Fig. 1)
    公开号:SE1150439A1
    申请号:SE1150439
    申请日:2011-05-16
    公开日:2012-11-17
    发明作者:Peter Thorwid；Roland Isaksson；Lars Hillstroem
    申请人:Alfa Laval Corp Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    20 25 30 35 relatively slowly in air and can be difficult to dampen satisfactorily.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a sensor device which has a high reliability and which is suitable for providing information on a variety of parameters and conditions of the centrifugal separator. Furthermore, a sensor device is sought which has a low sensitivity to disturbances and damage.
    This object is achieved with the initially indicated sensor device which is characterized in that the transfer element is arranged so that it is movable relative to the centrifuge rotor and the stationary housing in such a way that the position of the receiving head along the axis of rotation is adjustable.
    When the product, for example a liquid or sludge, from the nozzles hits the receiving head, vibrations will be created in the receiving head and the transfer element. These vibrations can have different frequencies from 1-600 Hz up to hundreds of kHz. Such vibrations will be propagated in a safe and reliable manner in the material of the transfer element to the sensor element which is arranged outside the stationary housing and thus not directly exposed to the extreme environment present inside the stationary housing. The sensor device according to the invention can be used to sense the exact time when the product is discharged through the nozzles to identify which nozzle or nozzles has a reduced function and possibly to determine the rotational speed of the centrifuge rotor and, in case the nozzles are intermittently openable and thus mostly closed, if any of the nozzles show a small leak. The sensor device according to the invention provides a very sensitive detection of vibrations and thus a possible leak can be detected at a very early stage before the leak has serious repercussions on the operation and performance of the centrifugal separator. Thanks to the mobility of the transfer element, it is possible to adjust the position of the transfer element and the receiving means in relation to the nozzles so that a reliable sensing of liquid or sludge can be ensured. Furthermore, such an adjustment of the position of the receiving head enables the determination of several different parameters of the product leaving the nozzles.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the sensor device comprises a holding means which is designed to extend through and be fixedly connected to the stationary housing, the transfer element being movably arranged in the holding means means. With such a holding member, the movement of the transfer element can be made possible in a simple manner.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the transfer element is displaceable along the longitudinal direction.
    In this way, the transfer element and the receiving head can be adjusted so that the receiving head ends up in an optimal position in relation to the product, for example liquid or sludge, which leaves one, several or all of the nozzles. An additional advantage of such displaceability is an opportunity to detect the wear of the nozzles. When the nozzles are worn, or otherwise defective, for example by defrosting, the spread of the discharged product will be greater than if the nozzles are intact. It is thus possible to detect if any of the nozzles are worn and in that case also which of the nozzles.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the transfer element is rotatable about the longitudinal direction. With such a rotatability, it is possible to obtain information about the direction of the possible leakage from the nozzles.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the sensor element is arranged centrally on transfer elements with respect to the longitudinal direction. Because the sensor element is arranged centrally, or in the middle, of the transmission element, it is at a distance, or considerable distance, from the outer spirit. This means that the vibrations propagated in the transmission element past the sensor element and back from the outer end will be so weakened that they will no longer directly affect the sensor element and the measurement result.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, transmission elements made of a material I are arranged to allow said propagation of vibrations from the receiving head to the sensor element.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the transmission element is tubular with a wall of said material, which forms a closed inner space, the wall being adapted to allow propagation of vibrations from the receiving head to the sensor element. The wall of the tubular transmission element is thus made of said material, for example a metallic material, and is well suited for transmitting vibrations from the receiving head to the sensor element. Advantageously, the closed inner space is filled with a damping material. In this way, the vibrations can be attenuated in a fast and efficient manner so that the sensor device can safely distinguish vibrations from different events from each other. The damping material may advantageously comprise or mainly consist of sand.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the sensor element comprises an accelerometer, preferably a uniaxial accelerometer. Such an accelerometer may, for example, comprise a piezoelectric element. With the aid of such an accelerometer, vibrations with the above-mentioned frequencies can be sensed in a safe manner and suitable signals can be produced for further transmission to the evaluation unit. A uniaxial accelerometer is particularly advantageous in determining the direction of the possible leakage. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the evaluation unit communicates with the sensor element via a line which comprises a zener barrier.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the evaluation unit is arranged to calculate the rotational speed of the centrifuge rotor with the aid of said signals.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the evaluation unit is arranged to determine with the aid of said signals a possible leakage from the nozzles. The object is also achieved with the initially indicated centrifugal separator, which is characterized in that it comprises a sensor device as above.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, said nozzles of the centrifuge rotor are permanently open. An advantage that is especially important in such centrifugal separators is the ability to determine the size of the flow of the product discharged through the nozzles. This can be advantageous for detecting, for example, whether one or more of the nozzles are clogged, or the degree of clogging of the nozzles. In accordance with the above, it is also possible to determine which of the nozzles -a has a certain degree of clogging. The wear of permanently open nozzles can also be determined in accordance with what was stated above.
    According to a further embodiment of the invention, said nozzles are intermittently openable. In such a centrifugal separator, the sensor device according to the invention is particularly advantageous for determining a possible leakage from the nozzles with the aid of the evaluation unit. According to this embodiment, the sensor device can also be used for determining the rotational speed of the centrifuge rotor. 10 15 20 25 30 35 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be explained in more detail by a description of different embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    Fig. 1 shows a partially sectioned view of a centrifugal separator with a sensor device according to the invention.
    Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of one of the sensor devices in Fig. 1.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 shows a centrifugal separator 1 with a stationary housing 2 and a centrifugal rotor 3 which is arranged to rotate about an axis of rotation x in the stationary housing 2. drive motor 5. The centrifugal separator 1 comprises inlet and outlet lines which are schematically indicated at 6 and which are designed in a manner known per se.
    Furthermore, the centrifugal rotor 3 comprises a plurality of nozzles 7 for discharging a product such as a liquid, which may for example comprise or consist of sludge. The nozzles 7 can be permanently open nozzles. The nozzles 7 may alternatively be intermittently openable nozzles which can be opened in a manner known per se with a schematically indicated valve plate 8 arranged inside the centrifuge rotor 3.
    The nozzles 7 are distributed, or preferably evenly distributed, along the periphery of the centrifuge rotor 3. Outside the nozzles 7 a guide element 9 is arranged. The guide element 9 is arranged to receive and guide the product discharged through the nozzles 7 out of the stationary housing 2 and the centrifugal separator 1 in a suitable manner. A sensor device for sensing vibrations is also arranged in connection with the centrifugal separator 1 or forms part of the centrifugal separator 1. The sensor device comprises a transfer element 21 which is made of * a suitable material, for example a metallic material . the transfer element 21 has a first part 21 'with an inner end and a second part 21 "with an outer end, see Fig. 2, and is designed to be mounted on the centrifugal separator 1 in such a way that the first part 21' and the inner end is located inside the stationary housing 2 and outside the centrifugal rotor 3 and the other part 21 "and the outer end are located outside the stationary housing 2.
    In the embodiment shown, the transfer element 21, i.e. both the first part 21, and the second part 21 ", a common elongate or rod-like shape. the transfer element 21 extends in a longitudinal direction x '. The longitudinal direction x' may be parallel, or substantially parallel, to the axis of rotation The elongate direction x 'may be allowed to form an angle with the axis of rotation x. However, it is possible to allow only the first part 21' to have said elongate shape. The second part 21 "which is outside the stationary housing may have another suitable shape and, for example, be waved. The transfer element 21 is thus fixed in the centrifugal separator 1 and more particularly in the stationary housing 2 by means of a suitable, schematically shown holding means 22, which can advantageously be part of the sensor device but could also be part of the centrifugal separator. The holding member 22 is designed to extend through and be fixedly connected to the stationary head 2. The holding member 22 is tubular and the transfer member 21 extends through the central passage of the tubular holding member 22 as can be seen in Fig. 2. The holding member 22 may be formed as a sleeve in which the transfer element 21 is inserted. The transfer element 21 comprises a receiving head 23 which is enclosed by the first part 21 'and is thus arranged at the inner end of the transfer element 21 and more precisely immediately outside the nozzles 7 of the centrifuge rotor 3 but inside the stationary housing 2 and the guide element 9. the transfer element 21 is movably arranged in the holding means 22. The transfer element 21 can then be displaceable along the longitudinal direction x '. In this way the position of the receiving head 23 can be adjusted, for example with respect to the position of the nozzles 7 along the axis of rotation x even in the case where the longitudinal direction forms an angle with the axis of rotation x.
    Furthermore, the transfer element 21 can be rotatable around the longitudinal direction x ', which enables sensing of the direction of the product discharged from the nozzles 7. the transfer element 21 can be manually movable, i.e. an operator can manually displace the transfer element 21 along the longitudinal direction x 'and / or rotate the transfer element 21 around the longitudinal direction x'. It is also possible to arrange a schematically shown drive means 24 which effect the movements of the transfer element 21, i.e. the drive means 21 can displace the transfer element 21 along the longitudinal direction x 'and / or rotate the transfer element 21 around the longitudinal direction x'.
    The sensor device further comprises a sensor element 25 which is mounted on the second part 21 "of the transmission element 21, i.e. outside the stationary housing 2 and in the embodiment shown near the outer end of the transmission element 21. The sensor element 25 may comprise or consist of an accelerometer , preferably a uniaxial accelerator.The accelerometer may comprise or consist of a piezoelectric element.Such a piezoelectric element generates a signal in the form of an electrical voltage when it is deformed, for example due to vibrations. The sensor device also comprises an evaluation unit 26 which communicates with the sensor element 25, for example wirelessly or via a line 27, for transmitting signals from the sensor element 25 to the evaluation unit 26. The evaluation unit 26 comprises a processor 28 and is arranged to interpret the signals generated by the sensor element 25. The evaluation unit 26 also comprises a display which for example, may include an oscilloscope. The line 27 comprises a zener barrier 29. The evaluation unit 26 can also communicate with the drive means 24 for receiving a signal indicating the position of the receiving head 23, especially in relation to the nozzles 7.
    The sensor element 25 is designed to sense the vibrations propagated from the receiving head 23 to the sensor element 25 via the transmission element 21. the vibrations are propagated in the material of the transmission element 21. As can be seen from Fig. 2, the transfer element 21 is tubular and has a wall 3.0 which forms a closed inner space 31. The vibrations will thus propagate in the wall from the receiving head 23 to the sensor element 25. The closed inner space 31 is as indicated in Fig. 2 filled with a damping material. The damping material may comprise or consist of sand which in this context has suitable damping properties.
    In the case where the nozzles 7 are intermittently openable, the sensor device can function in such a way that when the nozzles 7 are opened for a short time, the product is ejected at high speed from the centrifuge rotor 3. This product will hit the transfer element 21 and more specifically the receiving head. 23. Vibrations occur in the transmission element 21 and these are propagated via the wall 30 to the sensor element 25. The signals then generated by the sensor element 25 are led to the evaluation unit 26 and processed by the processor 28. The evaluation unit 26 is arranged to analyze the signals from the sensor element 25. and determining a variety of parameters and conditions. The signals obtained may, for example, include the following parameters: Peak value Sügüd Fall time Width Area.
    With the help of these parameters, knowledge about the output of the product can be obtained. For example, it can be mentioned that the surface can be assumed to be proportional to the flow, ie. the amount of product discharged through the nozzles 7. The evaluation unit 26 may also be adapted to detect if one or more of the nozzles 7 are leaking. If such a leak occurs, more or less continuously a smaller amount of the product will be discharged and hit the receiving head 23 of the transfer element 21. Thereby again vibrations will be generated and propagated to the sensor element 25 which emits corresponding signals to the Evaluation Unit 26. The Evaluation Unit 26 may then be designed to give the user information about the existing leak, for example through some type of alarm. It should be noted that the sensor device is very sensitive and that a leak can be detected at a very early stage, whereby appropriate repair measures can be taken.
    Furthermore, the sensor device can be used to detect a possible leakage of the operating fluid which is used to regulate the position of the valve plate 8.
    It should also be noted that the sensor device and the evaluation unit 26 may be arranged to calculate the rotational speed of the centrifuge rotor 3 by means of the signals from the sensor element 25. In combination with a determination of the rotational speed, the detection of a leak and possibly also the positions of the nozzles 7, it is possible to calculate with the aid of the processor 28 of the evaluation unit 26 26 which of the nozzles 7 possibly covers.
    In the case that the nozzles 7 are permanently open, the sensor device and the evaluation unit 26 can be arranged to calculate the rotational speed of the Centrifuge rotor 3 by means of the signals from the sensor element 25. Also in this fail it is possible with the aid of the signals from the sensor element 25 to obtain information and knowledge about the discharged product, for example the product's discharge direction and the position or path of the product from the nozzles 7. In this case the sensor device can also be used to detect . of the nozzles 7 is clogged or begins to become clogged by a determination of the flow of the product being discharged.
    Finally, it should also be noted that the sensor device and the evaluation unit 26 can detect vibrations originating from sources other than the nozzles 7, for example various faults in the centrifugal separator 1 such as play in bearings etc. It can be assumed that such faults give rise to vibrations with frequencies other than those that occur during leakage and discharge of the product and that these faults are therefore possible to detect.
    The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown but can be modified and varied within the scope of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    Sensor device for a centrifugal separator (1) with a stationary housing (2) and a centrifugal rotor (3), which is arranged in the stationary housing (2) and arranged to rotate about an axis of rotation (x) at a rotational speed and which a plurality of nozzles (7) for discharging a product from the centrifuge rotor (3), the sensor device comprising a transfer element (21) having a first part (21 ') and a second part (21 ") and which is designed to be mounted in such a way that the first part (21 ') is located inside the stationary housing (2) and outside the centrifuge rotor (3) and that the second part (21 ") is located outside the stationary housing (2), wherein at least the first part (21 ') of transfer element (21) has an elongate shape and extends in a longitudinal direction (x'), a receiving head (23), which is comprised of the first part (21) of the transfer element (21). 21 '), a sensor element (25) mounted on the second part (2) of the transfer element (21) 1 ') and which is designed to sense vibrations propagated from the receiving head (23) to the sensor element (_25), and an evaluation unit (26) which communicates with the sensor element (25) for transmitting signals from the sensor element (25) of the evaluation unit (26), characterized in that the transfer element is arranged so as to be movable relative to the centrifuge rotor (3) and the stationary housing (2) so that the position of the receiving head (23) along the axis of rotation (x ) is adjustable.
    [2]
    Sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor device comprises a holding means (22) designed to extend through and be fixedly connected to the stationary housing (2), the transfer element (21) being movably arranged in the holding means (22). . 10 15 20 25 30 35 13
    [3]
    Sensor device according to claim 2, wherein the transfer element (21) is displaceable along the longitudinal direction (x ')
    [4]
    Sensor device according to one of Claims 2 and 3, in which the transfer element (21) is rotatable about the longitudinal direction (x ').
    [5]
    Sensor device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor element (25) is arranged centrally on the transfer element (21) with respect to the longitudinal direction (x ').
    [6]
    Sensor device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein transmission element (21) is made of a material arranged to allow said propagation of vibrations from the receiving head (23) to the sensor element (25).
    [7]
    Sensor device according to claim 6, wherein the transfer element (21) is tubular with a wall (30) of said material, which forms a closed inner space (31), the wall (30) being adapted to allow propagation of vibrations from the receiving head (23) to the sensor element (25).
    [8]
    Sensor device according to claim 7, wherein the closed inner space (31) is filled with a damping material.
    [9]
    A sensor device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor element (25) comprises an accelerometer.
    [10]
    A sensor device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaluation unit (26) communicates with the sensor element (25) via a line (27) comprising a zener barrier (29).
    [11]
    A sensor device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaluation unit (26) is arranged to calculate the rotational speed of the centrifuge rotor (3) by means of said signals.
    [12]
    Sensor device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the nozzles (7) comprise intermittently openable nozzles and wherein the evaluation unit (26) is arranged to determine by means of said signals a possible leakage from the nozzles (7).
    [13]
    Centrifugal separator with a stationary housing (2) and a centrifugal rotor (3), which is arranged in the stationary height (2) and arranged to rotate about an axis of rotation (x) at a rotational speed and which comprises a plurality of nozzles (7 ) for discharging a product from the centrifugal rotor (3), the centrifugal separator comprising a sensor device according to any one of the preceding claims.
    [14]
    A centrifugal separator according to claim 13, wherein said nozzles are permanently open.
    [15]
    A centrifugal separator according to claim 13, wherein said nozzles are intermittently openable.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1150439A|SE535842C2|2011-05-16|2011-05-16|Sensor device and centrifugal separator|SE1150439A| SE535842C2|2011-05-16|2011-05-16|Sensor device and centrifugal separator|
    PCT/SE2012/050454| WO2012158093A1|2011-05-16|2012-05-03|A sensor device for a centrifugal separator and a centrifugal separator with such a sensor.|
    EP12785921.3A| EP2709767B1|2011-05-16|2012-05-03|A sensor device for a centrifugal separator and a centrifugal separator with such a sensor|
    BR112013027223-6A| BR112013027223B1|2011-05-16|2012-05-03|CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR|
    CN201280023570.1A| CN103561872B|2011-05-16|2012-05-03|A sensor device for a centrifugal separator and a centrifugal separator with such a sensor.|
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